𝕍𝕖𝕟 𝕒 𝕣𝕠𝕕𝕒𝕣 𝕔𝕠𝕟𝕞𝕚𝕘𝕠 𝕒 ℂ𝕦𝕓𝕒

Bienvenida a Cuba

This is the first boarding call for all passengers on JetBlue flight 312 with services into Havanna Cuba. Please proceed to departure Gate 21. 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cuba_flag.png

Welcome aboard JetBlue, and it is our pleasure to have you onboard. So sit back, relax and enjoy the flight. We will be cruising at an altitude of 15,000 feet. But while you're enjoying the flight, let's learn about Cuba. Cuban music is often considered one of the world's most affluent and most influential regional music. Cuba has many musical traditions that have existed since the earlier years. But today are going to talk about the Afro-Cuban. Latin Jazz is what it is often called; Afro-Cuban is a musical style that blends rhythms and percussion instruments of Cuba and the Spanish Caribbean with Jazz as it is fused with European and African musical elements. This music has been popular in the United States, in New Orleans since around the 20th Century. 

The Afro Cuban Drums played a fundamental part in Latin jazz development. These drums include the bata, iyá, itótele, and okónkolo. Other instruments used were the cheqeres, cencerros or bell, guiro and the maracas. 

Below is a picture that displays a Bata drum used in Afro-Cuban music 

https://rhythmtraders.com/pages/bata

 

The video below displays the drums being played. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=go_tTCAutuk

I chose this video because it shows the drums being played, and it was also the First All-female Afro-Cuban folklore group in Havana, Cuba.  The way they play the drums along with the singing in such a unique way. The way the religion displays the beauty and elegance of the ladies is beautiful. The afro-Cuban is a fusion of Roman Catholicism and the Yoruba belief. 

Arroz y Frijoles Negros (Rice and Black Beans)

https://www.chefspencil.com/top-25-cuban-foods-traditional-cuban-dishes/

I chose this recipe because it reminds me so much of the French countries. This recipe sounds french it is because it is a fusion of French and African food that the slaves brought to the island. It is also said that congri comes from Haiti. Ahhh, you see that! I know this had something to do with Haiti and the French Speaking countries. You see, many dishes are spun or have some kind of affiliation with another country.   

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmZGKz4W1ho

I chose this dish because, like I said, We are going to Cuba!!! This recipe can vary depending on where you go. If you go to the East, you will get this served with red beans.  Rice and black beans are an essential complement to Cuban dishes. What is a Cuban dish without them, having a good Cuban lunch or dinner is impossible. The rice and black beans always accompany any main dish. This dish is simple and easy to make. Now tell me that doesn't look good. It may not be your first make you go to but trust me, I am ready to make that now! Doesn't it remind you of a quarter chicken from Pollo? 

Gracias por volar con nosotros esperamos que vuelvas de nuevo

Adiós

Reference

Béhague, G., & Moore, R. (2001). Cuba, republic of. Oxford Music Online. https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06926  

Edgardonoel. (2017, May 16). Arroz con frijoles negros: Chef Edgardo Noel. YouTube. Retrieved             November 17, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmZGKz4W1ho  

Rhythm Traders. (n.d.). Bata. Rhythm Traders. Retrieved November 17, 2022, from https://rhythmtraders.com/pages/bata 

YouTube. (2017, May 23). Concierto de Obini Bata. YouTube. Retrieved November 17, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=go_tTCAutuk 

Arroz y Frijoles Negr

𝕎𝕖𝕝𝕔𝕠𝕞𝕖 𝕥𝕠 𝕥𝕙𝕖 ℂ𝕦𝕓𝕒𝕟 ℂ𝕠𝕦𝕟𝕥𝕣𝕚𝕖𝕤

 Creolization in Cuban Music 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k-E4BkCh0_M

As mentioned before, creolization is a mixture of multiple cultures, genres, and styles of multiple origins. Today we will focus on Cuban Music. Its music often represents not only Hispanic and African but also has a mixture of international styles from classical Folk and commercial sources. Alejandro Gracia Caturla was the founder of Afrocubanismo, which is a style that incorporates various Afro-Cuban rhythms and various percussion. Garica Caturla is known for mixing Cuban music with symphonic music. Can you imagine sipping a glass of wine while enjoying s nice music? AFrocubanismo is the art of music. I believe it to be somewhat different than any other music you hear. Most of the instruments you hear are flute, piano, and strings In this style, the composer reinterpreted popular dance rhythms with and without the use of the percussion instrument.

Reference 

Behague, G., & Moore, R. (2003). Cuba, Republic of (Sp. República de Cuba). Oxford Music Online. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06926 

𝕲𝖔𝖎𝖓𝖌 𝖇𝖆𝖈𝖐 𝕿𝖔 𝖙𝖍𝖊 𝕴𝖘𝖑𝖆𝖓𝖉𝖘! 𝕿𝖍𝖊 𝕯𝖚𝖙𝖈𝖍 𝕴𝖘𝖑𝖆𝖓𝖉𝖘 𝕿𝖍𝖆𝖙 𝕴𝖘!

Back to the Islands

 Although many may not know much about Dutch Speaking Countries, I will give you a tour down to the Dutch Speaking Countries.  

Thank you for choosing Muzik Airline please fasten your seat belt as we go down to the island of the St. Maarten. While cruising at an altitude of 10,000 feet, here are some fun facts you should know about eh Dutch Speaking Countries.  

• The Dutch call their language Nederlands
• You may already be speaking dutch 
• Amsterdam has nearly 1,200 bridges 
• The Netherlands is the world's biggest flower exporter

Now that I have you comfortable, let's explore the SSS Island and the ABC islands. 

𝓢𝓽 𝓜𝓪𝓪𝓻𝓽𝓮𝓷

A brief history, St. Martin was separated in 1648 when the French claimed the northern side called St. Maarteen and the Dutch claimed Sint Maarten (Gangelhoff & LeGrande 2019). Sint Maarten is known for its musical instrument. The Marimba is a percussion instrument that is related to the xylophone. The marimba is known as an instrument from Africa where holes were dug in the ground, wooden bars were made to cross over this hole, and the bars were struck to produce sound. It is arranged like a piano, and today, the sound is enjoyed mostly by Latin Americans. 

The picture below displays the marimba.  

https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/marimba/structure/

The video below displays the marimba being played at the 

Steelpan & Marimba Festival. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=crFfyDUkb-U

Now when I tell you that it is music... That is music!! Not only is this a diverse band, but the music is also unbelievable. This fits into the theme of creolization due to the origin and the history of the instrument. It may have originated in Africa, but it is now enjoyed but all.

Biltong 

Biltong, a spicy, wind-dried jerky, and pap, a cornmeal porridge similar to polenta. Biltong is an African dish that was brought to the Dutch during the long transit home. Although many confuse it for beef jerky, it is not. Biltong is more of an artisanal process in the way that it is made slowly, using mainly salt and air to cure and dry the meat. Biltong producers across the globe all have their own unique methods to achieve the typical dried meat outcome, but traditionally, the main ingredients are salt, pepper, and coriander.

 

Below is a picture of the Biltong 

https://www.runder.nl/pages/about

Below the video display the methods of how to make 

Biltong. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2gvK8wp5e0

Imagine a dish such as a crab and rice being brought to another country to enjoy. Do you think the old way that was done by the Africans had more favor? Making biltong doesn't seem difficult, but it is a long process. 

Now that we are near our destination, I want to thank you  for choosing Muzik Airline to tour the Dutch Speaking Countries 

Reference

https://www.yamaha.com/en/musical_instrument_guide/marimba/structure/

https://www.runder.nl/pages/about

Un tour des pays Français

Un voyage dans les pays Français

Bienvenue dans un utre épisode

Did you get that?? Neither did I😂😂

In the previous blogs we discussed the meaning of creolization, and visited the English speaking countries in relation to Creolization. So lets get right into it, France established colonies in North American in the early 16th century. They later established in the Caribbean such as Saint- Domingue, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Grenada and Saint Lucia. Eventually, Grenada and Saint Lucia ceded to the British. 

So lets into creolization, In Tour de Force Zouk is referred to a popular urban dance parties (Gangelhoff & LeGrande 2019) . Not only a dance but also a blend of music from variety of Caribbean, African and North American music style. Beguine and Haitian Kompas music are also an ancestor of zouk.

When you look at zouk it would not be fair to display the dance and not display the music. So here is a two for one special.  

Haiti 

Below is a picture of Kompa Zouk Dance 

https://wikotr.com/index.php/what-is-konpa/

Below is a video displaying the various Kompa Zouk music 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHW-MspQSEA

Although Kompas was originated in Haiti and Zouk was born in Guadeloupe when the two mixed together that is musical magic! Listen to the beat the sound of each cord of each instruments played during this mixed. Je ne peux pas m'empecher de danser. ( I can't help but dance). I am not Haitian but I LOVE me some Kompa music. The energy of this mixed is everything.  

Below is a video displaying the Kompa Zouk dance.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esvoSEVMdIA

Did you see those moves!! Wow back to the drawing board because I thought I had learn all I could about creolization and dancing. Did you see those body movement!! I sure enjoyed Kompa whether we are talking about dance or music. 

Martinique 

Now that we have toured around Haiti with their Kompa music and dance lets go down to Martinique and visit Bélé According to Tour de Force was associated with the rural areas of Martinique and with dance that were derived from Africa (Gangelhoff & LeGrande 2019). Including Martiniquq bélé is folk dance and music from St. Lucia, Dominica, Haiti, Grenada, Guadeloupe and Trinidad and Tobago. The main instrument in bélé is a tanbou, a large tambour drum that is made of goat or sheepskin (Gangelhoff & LeGrande 2019). Do you recall any other drums that uses goat skin to make their drum? If you said the Bahamas you was correct. 

Below is a photo of the tanbou drum used in bélé. 

https://plume-evasion.com/en/the-tambou-bele-instrument-rhythms-and-dances/

If you look at the drum doesn't it remind you of the goat skin drum you hear at Junkanoo. The way the drum is played is the player sits astride with the drumhead facing outward and leans over to beat the drum with his hands. Wow did you know this drum is played similar to the goatskin drum in the Bahamas, neither did I. Not only is the drum played using their hands but they place their foot at different spot to make different sound. 

Below this video display the bélé dance 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cZAAPdCmRw

Did you see those foot work, and did you see those ladies waist line. Boyyyy they gat some moves. I choose this video because not only does it show you the dance but it also give you a taste of the music. 

Griot 

Now that we come to my favorite part. Griot is one of my favorite dish. This dish originated in West Africa and consist of  Fried Pork, plantain and pikliz. Pikliz is only cabbage and carrots mixed with hot goat pepper, lime, vinegar and maggi. Just writing about this I can taste the pikliz already. Griot recently have a various such as chicken, ribs, fish just to name a few. Below you will find a video displaying how to prepapre the dish and a photo.  

 Below is a picture displaying Pork Griot. 

https://www.whetstonemagazine.com/journal/a-history-of-haitian-food

Below is a video displaying Griot being prepared

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ-5F3q2Bhc

Mesi paske w gade blog mwen an. Rete branche pou pwochen epizod la (Thank you for viewing my blog. Stay tune for the next episode) 

Reference 

Augustin, N. (2022, January 31). A history of haitian food. Whetstone Magazine. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.whetstonemagazine.com/journal/a-history-of-haitian-food

CITYLIFE954. (2021, January 19). Soca mix 2021 | the best of SOCA 2021 by OSOCITY. YouTube. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHW-MspQSEA

Gangelhoff, C., & Legrand, C. (2019). Tour de force: A musical journey of the Caribbean. Sound Caribbean.

LinaBanana. (2021, April 19). The tambou bèlè: Instrument, rhythms and dances. Plume Evasion. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://plume-evasion.com/en/the-tambou-bele-instrument-rhythms-and-dances/

What is Konpa / Kompa / compas? #1 Konpa Dance Studio - Learn how to dance - Miami & Broward. (2020, April 15). Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://wikotr.com/index.php/what-is-konpa/

YouTube. (2020, November 24). Griot - haitian fried pork dish recipe. YouTube. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ-5F3q2Bhc

YouTube. (2021, January 20). Kompa Dance Mady Keita &Jenny Demo Workshop IN7 edition*suavedancefestival Paris ntel song:@djralph. YouTube. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esvoSEVMdIA

YouTube. (2022, June 10). Bêlé Bô la ri.2 st-marie 2022. YouTube. Retrieved October 20, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cZAAPdCmRw

CREOLIZATION - English Caribbean

Creolization- A Taste of where we came from

The picture was taken from kindpng.com

Creolization in English has influenced the Caribbean since its first discovery. According to Gangelhoff & LeGrande (2019), many islands in the Caribbean that landed in the hands of Great Britain today speak English (p. 37). Although many have creole languages from the diverse languages that passed through them. In chapter one of the book, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, the Virgin Islands, and the Bahamas made up the four major nationalities.

Jamaica 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag-map_of_Jamaica.svg

Columbus claimed Jamaica for the Spanish crown in 1494 when he landed on the island. Spain's history still lingers in Jamaica today. Throughout Jamaica's history, Creolization has been evident in its languages, music, and cuisine. Throughout Tour de Force, Patois is described as a regional dialect that differs from English as we know it (p.49). Jamaican patios also known as Jamaican Creole are the local dialect specific to Jamaica. Jamaican music, it was commonly used in reggae and dancehall. It originated from the contact between West African slaves and New World colonists (p.49). Other languages such as Dread Talk, Livalect, or I-talk are prominent in the Rastafarian culture in Jamaica. 

Below is a picture of the various patois saying in Jamacia.

Below is a video is learning to speak Jamaican patios. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNM-BE4xAyo

Trinidad and Tobago

https://www.pngplay.com/image/tag/trinidad-and-tobago-flag

Like many of the other Caribbean countries, Trinidad and Tobago were claimed by Spain after the landing of Christopher Columbus. Eventually, the islands were claimed by the British. like Jamaica, the language was influenced by the French and French West Indian which derive from the local Trinidad creole dialect (Gangelhoff & LeGrande 2019). Gangelhoff & LeGrande (2019) states that Calypso evolved from a mix of French Caribbean, European, African, and possibly Venezuelan music (p.76). Calypso music speaks often to political, controversial, or bawdy in nature, typically in satirical or humorous form (Gangelhoff & LeGrande p.77). 

The photo below is of the first female calypsonian Calypso Rose who shattered and won the title "Calypso King" in 1978. 

https://socanews.com/news/feature/calypso-rose-an-icon-for-international-womens-day

Below is a video, one of Calypso Rose song Abatina 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vNcGaYfa0o

There were many songs to choose from, even one that feature one of my favorite Soca artist Machel Montana. But I chose a song that highlighted her great work.  

Creole Cuisine

Like many of the cultures brought into the Caribbean, Ackee and Codfish were also brought to the Caribbean. although the cod could not survive in the warm water codfish was imported to Jamaica. The European took ackee to England and derived the dish ackee and codfish. The saltfish which is also sometimes prepared with the ackee was brought to the Caribbean by Africans which was given to them by the plantation as it was a law that they supplied them with saltfish once a year (Caribfuzion). 

Below is a picture of Ackee and Codfish a native dish to Jamaican that was brought to Jamaica from the European 

https://www.fitsoulkitchen.com/blog/2020/10/26/atm3g9xtz2mv4fwqad3f1srdf774l7

Below is a video showing the dish being prepared

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VyvYZso-6Q

References 

 Annel Beausoleil - Wed 15 Jun 2022, -, A. B., Radeya Osman - Tue 14 Jun 2022, -, R. O., Stephen Spark - Mon 06 Jun 2022, & Stephen Spark - Mon 30 May 2022. (2021, March 10). Calypso rose – an icon for International Women's Day. Soca News. Retrieved October 4, 2022, from https://socanews.com/news/feature/calypso-rose-an-icon-for-international-womens-day

Design, A. M. (n.d.). Consulate of Jamaica: People and culture. Consulate of Jamaica | People and culture. Retrieved October 4, 2022, from https://jamaicanconsulate.rs/people-and-culture.php

Gangelhoff, C., & Legrand, C. (2019). Tour de force: A musical journey of the Caribbean. Sound Caribbean.

Jamaican cuisine. CARIBFUZION. (2020, November 30). Retrieved October 4, 2022, from https://caribfuzion.wordpress.com/hungry/jamaican-food/

Odogwu, N. (2020, October 26). Ackee & Saltfish. Fit Soul Kitchen. Retrieved October 4, 2022, from https://www.fitsoulkitchen.com/blog/2020/10/26/atm3g9xtz2mv4fwqad3f1srdf774l7

YouTube. (2020, June 19). Best Jamaican ackee and salt fish recipe / Jamaica's national dish. YouTube. Retrieved October 4, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VyvYZso-6Q

Creolization Through Caribbean Music

Introduction: Creolization in Caribbean music

The book Tour De Force takes you through different avenues of music. Three themes are emphasized in the book:  Creolization, Versatility, and Mentorship. The purpose of this blog is to discuss Creolization and how it impacts the Caribbean countries. Tour De Force defines creolization as the intermixing of musical tradition brought to the region through migration: African, Europe and East Asian (Gangelhoff & LeGrand, p 8 2019).Additionally, the book explains that creolization is the blending of musical (and other cultural) traditions. 

Baluntansky & Sourieau states that Creolization is defined as a syncretic process of transverse dynamics that endlessly reworks and transforms the cultural patterns of varied social and historical experiences and identities. Creolization can also be the mixing of languages, religions, music, dance and cuisine.

Gangelhoff & LeGrand (2019) stated that some creole language such as Kreyol ayisyen in Haiti, and Papiamentu in Netherland. Some religion such as Vodou in Haiti, Shango in Trinidad and Santeria in Cuba (p. 8).

Creolization can be found in other areas beside language and music. Here is an example of creolization in food Jambalaya

Figure 1: Creole Cuisine from Louisiana Jambalaya

Photo was taken from CookingClassy.com

Post was taken from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNp68Y6HXcc

Another area that was impacted by creolization was religion.  This is the result of mixing  African and European religions of Haiti, Brazil, and Cuba which a new sets of religious beliefs emerged. An example of creolization in religion is Candomble in Brazil. 

Post was taken from https://www.travel-brazil-selection.com/informations/brazilian-culture/religion/candomble/

Post was taken from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5xvT-Y4Azg